People usually don`t show signs of gum disease until they are in their 30s or 40s. Men are more likely to have periodontal disease than women. Although teenagers rarely develop periodontitis, they can develop gingivitis, the milder form of gum disease. Most commonly, gum disease develops when plaque is allowed to build up along and under the gum line.

• Bleeding gums occurs while brushing and flossing your teeth
• Gums that are Swollen, Red and tender
• Pus in between your teeth and gums
• Causes pain while chewing food
• Build up of plaque, calculus and tartar
• Changes in bite position / loose teeth / Shifting Teeth
• Frequent bad breath or chronic bad breath
• Tooth sensitivity due to hot and cold food items
• Receding gums and exposure of tooth root are also a signs of gum disease

• Smoking and tobacco chewing
• Diabetes
• A weakened immune system (such as from AIDS and HIV)
• Heart disease
• A family history of periodontal disease
• Pregnancy
• Using certain medications (such as oral contraceptives, steroids, blood pressure medications, seizure medications and certain cancer-fighting drugs)
• Unbalanced diet
• Stress
• Abnormal oral conditions or habits (such as badly aligned teeth, defective fillings or teeth grinding)

Plaque is the main culprit for causing gum disease and tooth loss. A Professional dental cleaning will help you remove all types of food particles, plaque, and tartar. If the plaque is spread everywhere between teeth and gums, then it requires a deep cleaning to remove it. Otherwise, it will lead to tooth loss and severe periodontal problems over a period of time. Removal of plaque is important because plaque increases the chances of bacteria around it and these bacteria releases toxic acids which will irritate the gums.

The dentist uses a special tool to clean of plaque and tartar, which will improve your oral health and prevents from gum disease. If the teeth are misaligned, removal of plaque and tartar will be difficult to clean inside areas of your teeth. In order to avoid gum related problems, brush twice a day, floss and clean your tongue regularly. This will help you maintain good oral hygiene and visiting professional dental cleaning regularly every 6 months can be identified gum disease at the earlier stage. The purpose of gum care and teeth care are necessary for everyone to improve their oral health condition.

Gum Disease is caused by bacterial infection and affects the gum tissue in form of inflammation, swelling, redness and leads to tooth loss. In order to avoid these gum problems, dentist recommends gum surgery in case of severe periodontal gum problem. We already know that plaque is the main cause of gum related problem; if the teeth are not cleaned properly then it may lead to gingivitis (An Early form of gum disease).So, if the disease is left untreated, the plaque is not removed, not maintaining regular oral hygiene care then the gingivitis will turn into serious periodontal disease (an advanced stage of gum disease).

Gum Surgery will help to cure advanced periodontal problems and prevents tooth loss. There are 3 most common types of gum surgery to cure a periodontal disease that are:-

• Root Planning and Scaling - Root planning and scaling are a non- surgical periodontal therapy and it is also called as deep cleaning procedure. In this procedure, dentist thoroughly scaling all the plaque, bacteria toxic acids, hard tartar from a root of teeth and then smoothes the rough surface of your teeth. The smoothening rough surface of your teeth keeps away bacteria, plaque and food debris around the gumline. This will help gums to heal properly and stabilize the teeth structure.

• Gum tissue Grafting - Gum tissue grafting is a technique to treat receding gums or root teeth exposure. During this method, a flap of tissue is cut from a roof of the mouth or around the gums line and connected to receding gums. This technique is more popular because people with periodontal disease may have lost the gums and looks very thin. By doing this method, the receding gums can be prevented with help of additional gum tissue removed above the surface and reattached to a thin area of gum line to stabilize the teeth.

• Gums Pocket Reduction - This method requires a surgical procedure to treat problems of gum receding pockets using local anesthesia. First, the dentist identifies the infected gum area and cuts the small portion of gum line to remove the bacteria. To remove the bacteria, the gum is folded back and cleaned the area properly in order to prevent bacteria growing inside the gum tissue. After thoroughly cleaning the infected area, the dentist secures gum back to prevent from receding in future.